The Tongass!
Step 22) Cuddy Interior
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The first step in building the cuddy interior is the building of the aft cuddy bulkhead. Once this is in, then it is more trivial to fit the bunks and cuddy deck into the boat. As you can see here, I started by making the lower cuddy bulkhead. Because the upper portion of the aft cuddy bulkhead is a full 48" wide (sheet of plywood), it is necessary to first build a lower section as shown. All I did was to put a straight edge across the stringers to the hull sides and take measurements with a tape. The pieces fit fine. Then I cut a temporary chunk of 1/2" plywood to represent my lowered pilot house decking and drew a line on the center piece from which I could offset a sill. The sill is 2" higher than the deck in my case. I will provide drainage aft later on, but for now, this piece will not drain to/from the cuddy area. In serious conditions, water that flowed into the cuddy will be able to flow aft over the 2" sill, then onward to the pilot house sump and bilge pump at the aft pilot house bulkhead. Close enough. Minor issues from leaving hatches open or leaky portlights will be dealt with as they occur ...with a sponge. I don't expect much water to ever end up in the cuddy. |
| Next, I used Renn's temporary bulkhead/frame method of taking measurements off the hull for the aft cuddy bulkhead. The frame (shown) takes the width just below the sheer deck shelves, the width of the hull at stringer height, and the height (port and starboard) to the bottom of the sheer deck shelves. These measurements will be used for generating the aft cuddy bulkhead and the frame/doubler that I am using (see below.) |
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My cuddy entrance will be notched out at the top of the cuddy for easier entry, like many boats, but this weakens the structure. Renn calls out a door through the aft cuddy bulkhead and keeps both the roof of the cuddy and the top of the aft cuddy bulkhead intact at the top of the door. Cutting out a notch removes this integrity. Boats flex ...oil-canning when running into a head sea and hogging when passing the top of large waves or swells. I did not want to reduce the strength of the Station 6 (aft cuddy) bulkhead so what I did was to increase the thickness of the sheer decks from 3/8" thick to 1/2" thick, and I increased the width of the sheer deck from 9" to 9-1/2". This increases the section modulus, from Renn's, by 156%. My sheer deck structure is half again as strong as Renn's. In addition, I am doubling the aft cuddy bulkhead from about 2-1/2" above the stringers down to the hull for a total thickness of 1". This effectively doubles the strength of the lower half of the bulkhead and transfers load up the sides of the boat to the sheer deck area properly. An additional benefit of this doubler being in place is the fact that it provides backing for when I glue/glass the top portion of the bulkhead in place. |
| ASIDE: Often while working on one thing, I'll switch to something else while epoxy is curing or if I'm short of some parts or something. In this case, the transom drain is what I worked on after I put the aft cuddy bulkhead in (below) and was letting it cure. To make the tube, I wrapped wax paper over a round hardwood dowel, then wrapped several layers of pre-wetted 9-oz by 4" fiberglass tape around it. After curing, I test-fit the drain plug ...and as it turned out, the tube was too tight (in spite of measuring the wrapped dowel with a caliper to get it right.) I added a couple more wraps of wax paper and did it again ...perfect fit! The drain plug slides in with just a bit of snugness and turning the knob tightens it up very nicely. I used a hole saw to cut a hole through the bottom of the transom, put the tube in and marked it for length, then cut the tube off with a chop saw. All I have left to do is to glue the tube in with a nice thick paste made from epoxy and silica and it'll be done. |
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As you can see here, I have installed the aft cuddy bulkhead and glassed it in. I preglassed the outer face with 4-oz cloth prior to cutting it out and installing it. The cuddy door is 24" wide, and the bottom of the cut-out is about 1-1/2" higher than the deck surface that will be in the pilot house. Note also that the top of the door is temporary. After the cuddy roof is on, then I will cut the top of the door out as I cut a square notch into the cuddy roof to create an easy-entry door into the cuddy. I pre-fit some scrap 1/2" ply to determine exactly how the deck would fit in. Inside the cuddy, you can see how I fit the cuddy deck to the boat. Using a level, I temporarily installed a couple of scrap nailers, one on the inside of the aft cuddy bulkhead and one on the flotation chamber. I decided to make the cuddy deck the same height as the pilot house deck. Next I put a piece of 1/2" thick scrap on top of the nailers and used a level to mark the outline of the deck on the boat. I marked every 12" on this center piece of scrap then measured to the side of the boat to find out deck widths that would allow me to loft the curving intersection beween the deck and the hull. My first-try deck came very close to fitting, but I had to trim a little off of both sides to get it to fit in a bit better. Notice also that in spite of Renn's remark that it is not needed, I did install an edgewise support under the deck (3/8" scrap ply). By measuring vertically from the centerline scrap, I determined offsets that would allow easy lofting for fitting this piece it. It fit first try. |
| As mentioned in a previous step, I am using blue closed-cell polyethylene foam for flotation in hidden areas such as under the decks. I used the deck itself as a template to mark out the outline, then used a long bread knife to carve the foam back after making some preliminary measurements and marks. It actually went quite quickly ... a pleasant surprise. The rounded cut out area just inside the aft cuddy bulkhead is there because a 6" deck plate will mount right there in the deck. I wanted it open inside the deck plate so I could sponge out whatever water might some day get in there. Prior to installing the foam, I ran diagonal beads of thickened epoxy on the hull to carry the foam just off the wood. This is so water could drain to the centerline and then aft to where the deck plate is. |
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The cuddy deck, like all permanently installed decks took a bit of work to get done. I glassed the bottom surface with 4-oz glass as a preventative measure against the plywood checking (splitting grain in the surface ply) in the under-deck humid environment. And whenever I put in a deck plate, I always build and install a doubling ring so the deck plate screws have a bit of meat to fasten into (without protruding out the back side and creating a water leak.) BTW, the way I make deck plate doublers is to first cut a disk of plywood that's equal or larger in diameter to the deck plate's largest diameter. This is then epoxied to the underside of the deck, and then the deck plate itself is used for marking the cut out. When the hole is cut for the deck plate, the doubler and deck holes are cut together and you get a nice neat hole for your deck plate. On the top of the deck, I glassed with 10-oz cloth which will be my standard for all decks in the boat. When a deck is installed, it is impossible to do a nice fillet on the bottom side of the deck-hull joint. Therefore, I seal up the edges of the plywood also. I find that the quickest way to seal the edge of deck plywood is to coat it once (and cure and sand), then use gloved hands to rub silica-thickened epoxy into all the endgrain. When the deck is installed, I give the silica-filled edge areas one more coat of epoxy. The way I do a deck installation is to first mark the deck's intersection on the hull, then I run a bead of thickened epoxy along the mark (no breaks), then I place a bead of epoxy along the lower part of the deck's edges. I lower the deck into place and the two beads of epoxy (hull and deck) squish into each other. I think this is a good way, in addition to the edge sealing, to make sure there is no water path into the plywood around its perimeter. Once the deck is in, then the usual fillet and glass tape treatment is given to the top perimeter. |
| Since I installed the cuddy deck before installing the front of the bunks, it made it very easy to fit the bunk front pieces into the boat. For my bunks, I copied Neal Schlee's (Anchorage, AK) bunk idea and put a squared-off area up front in as a place to park a porta potty. This style of bunk front gives you a lot more storage than the standard bunk building method shown in Renn's book (bunk fronts riding on top of the stringers instead of in front of them. Like Neal (man of great ideas and fine workmanship), I chose to make the porta potty area 18" square. The bunk fronts then run from the f'w'd bunk front pieces to a spot inside the aft cuddy bulkhead about 1-1/2" to either side of the (24" wide) cuddy door. Note that the bunk front pieces are the first pieces in the boat that glue to the aft cuddy bulkhead. As you can see, I used a cedar 2x4 clamped across the aft cuddy bulkhead to guarantee its flatness prior to fitting the bunk fronts in. On the bunk fronts themselves, I either clamped or screwed-on straight edges so that they'd be straight while being fit into the boat and when being installed. The tops of the bunk fronts on either side of where the porta potty goes wanted to naturally warp outwards, so I had to run a clamp across them to get them to stay vertical. Everything checked out with a level, so I ran a bead of epoxy along the install lines that I marked on the flotation chamber front, deck, and inside of the aft cuddy bulkhead and then installed the pieces. After curing, I went back and added the fillets ...I didn't bother glass taping the bunk front components since they are not structural to the hull like the decks and bulkheads are. Note that the bunk fronts were cut to be 1/2" short of the top of the flotation chamber to leave room for the 1/2" bunk tops which come next. Coming next: Bunk Tops |
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